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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nguhist</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-7919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Novosibirsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/1818-7919-2022-21-10-147-155</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nguhist-1246</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ И ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ СТРАН АЗИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Труды Герхарда Оберхаммера по санкхье и йоге в свете современных исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gerhard Oberhammer’s Works on Sāṃkhya and Yoga in Light of Recent Research</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7890-2061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Десницкая</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Desnitskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Алексеевна Десницкая, кандидат философских наук</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56431223600</p><p>WoS Researcher ID N-2808-2015</p><p>RSCI Author ID 699924</p><p>SPIN 8049-57</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khecari@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт восточных рукописей Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>147</fpage><lpage>155</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Десницкая Е.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Десницкая Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Desnitskaya E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1246">https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1246</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен анализ трудов известного австрийского индолога и религиоведа Герхарда Оберхаммера, посвященных философии и религиозным практикам санкхьи и йоги. Анализируя тексты санкхьи, йоги Патанджали и учения кашмирских пашупатов, Оберхаммер реконструировал феноменологию духовного опыта в каждой из этих традиций и выстроил общую типологию индийских йогических практик. Примечательно, что в тексте «Йога-сутр» он выявил четыре типологически и исторически различающиеся практики, одна из которых может быть сопоставлена с теистическими практиками позднейших тантр, к изучению которых Оберхаммер обратился одним из первых. Интерес представляет также реконструкция духовного пути санкхьи, осуществленная на материале трактата «Юктидипика». Труды Оберхаммера по санкхье и йоге вызвали интерес со стороны исследователей индийских религий, но к настоящему времени оказались практически забыты, что отчасти объясняется позитивистским настроем современной индологии. Перспективным для будущих исследований представляется сопоставление предложенной Оберхаммером типологии йогических практик и разработанного им впоследствии учения трансцендентальной герменевтики с близкими по тематике и охвату трудами Мирчи Элиаде и Е. А. Торчинова.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Gerhard Oberhammer is a prominent Austrian scholar of Indian philosophy and religions. This paper presents an analysis of Oberhammer’s works on spiritual practices of sāṃkhya and yoga. Based on the works that belong to the traditions of sāṃkhya, Patañjali’s yoga and the Pāśupata’s śaivism, Oberhammer reconstructed the phenomenology of each spiritual path and developed a general typology of yogic practices. Particularly, in the Yoga-sūtras, he identified four distinct practices of different origin, which implies that initially this work was a compilation. Oberhammer revealed an affinity between one of these practices and a later teaching of the theistic Mṛgendratantra. Based on the material of the Yuktidīpikā he described the phenomenology of the spiritual path of sāṃkhya, a tradition that is often believed to be of purely theoretical character. Oberhammer’s works on sāṃkhya and yoga attracted interest of scholars of Indian religions. However, with the course of time they were almost forgotten, not least because of the general positivist bias of modern indology. It seems promising to compare Oberhammer’s typology of yogic practices, as well as his philosophical teaching of transcendental hermeneutics, with the works by Mircea Eliade and Evgeniy Torchinov, which provide broad descriptions of religious practices with a general focus on the phenomenology of spiritual experience.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Оберхаммер</kwd><kwd>трансцендентальная герменевтика</kwd><kwd>йога</kwd><kwd>санкхья</kwd><kwd>духовные практики</kwd><kwd>«Йога-сутры»</kwd><kwd>тантра</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Oberhammer</kwd><kwd>transcendental hermeneutics</kwd><kwd>yoga</kwd><kwd>sāṃkhya</kwd><kwd>spiritual practices</kwd><kwd>Yoga-sūtra</kwd><kwd>tantra</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках проекта Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (РФФИ) № 20-011-00479 «Трансцендентальная герменевтика Г. Оберхаммера в истории европейской и индийской философии».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the project of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research no. 20-011-00479 «Transcendental Hermeneutics of G. Oberhammer in History of European and Indian Philosophy».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Десницкая Е. А. Герхард Оберхаммер о концепции Бога в йоге Патанджали // Asiatica. Труды по философии и культурам Востока. 2021. T. 15, № 1. С. 112–124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alper H. P. Strukturen Yogischer Meditation: Untersuchungen zur Spiritualität des Yoga by Ge-rhard Oberhammer. 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