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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nguhist</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-7919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Novosibirsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-3-24-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nguhist-1380</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ И ТЕОРИЯ НАУКИ, НОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY AND THEORY OF A SCIENCE, NEW RESEARCH METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение свойств кости как топлива по результатам экспериментальных наблюдений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bone as a Fuel: Studying the Properties Based on the Results of Experimental Observations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4024-6753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Сергеевна Нестерова, кандидат исторических наук</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57191256001</p><p>WoS Researcher ID Q-3214-2016</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina S. Nesterova, Candidate of Science (History)</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57191256001</p><p>WoS Researcher ID Q-3214-2016</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">msnesterova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт археологии и этнографии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нестерова М.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нестерова М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nesterova M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1380">https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1380</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена результатам экспериментальных исследований свойств кости как топлива. Приводится обоснование и описание экспериментальных костров, способов фиксации параметрических характеристик и их статистический анализ. Проведенная серия экспериментов позволила выявить, что использование костного топлива в качестве дополнительного источника горючего материала увеличивает максимальную температуру горения до 800–900 °С и средний диапазон температуры горения более чем на 100 °С, обеспечивает устойчивую высокую температуру. Было выявлено, что состояние кости (сухая / свежая; целая / фрагментированная), а также ее структура (с преобладанием компактной / губчатой ткани) влияет на ее горючие свойства. Сделан вывод о том, что кость не является универсальным видом топлива, но некоторые ее свойства могли использоваться для операций, требующих устойчивой высокой температуры.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Burnt animal bones are regularly found at archaeological sites of different eras and territories. One of the popular hypotheses suggests that they were used as fuel. The purpose of this work, based on experimental observations, is to determine the combustion temperature regime of bones different types in comparison with wood.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A series of nine experimental bonfires revealed the following advantages of bone as fuel: 1) increase in the maximum combustion temperature to 800–900 °C versus 600–700 °C in a fire with wood fuel only; 2) increase in the average range of combustion temperature by more than 100 °C; 3) minimization of temperature fluctuations; 4) ensuring a stable high temperature. We also found that the bones condition (fresh / dry; unbroken / fragmented) and its structure (the predominance of compact / spongy bone tissue) affects its combustible properties. Fresh bones with spongy tissue predominance (the spine, limbs bones) have the best qualities. Dry fragmented bones burn much worse and have no advantages over other fuels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, animal bones are not universal independent fuel. Some of its properties could be used for operations requiring a stable high temperature. It could be simple activities (cooking, heating, hearth maintenance, drying) and the specialized ones.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>костер</kwd><kwd>эксперимент</kwd><kwd>виды топлива</kwd><kwd>кости животных</kwd><kwd>температурное воздействие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bonfire</kwd><kwd>experiment</kwd><kwd>fuels</kwd><kwd>animal bones</kwd><kwd>temperature exposure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ, грант № 20-78-00115</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was funded by Russian Science Foundation, project no. 20-78-00115</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Геродот. История в девяти книгах. Л.: Наука, 1972. 604 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benecke N., Vasiliev S. 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