nguhistВестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филологияVestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology1818-7919Novosibirsk State University10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-6-70-81nguhist-1591Research ArticleСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕДИАКОММУНИКАЦИИMODERN MEDIA COMMUNICATIONSФормируя теоретическую рамку «культуры отмены»: концептуальные истоки и актуальные интерпретацииForming the Theoretical Framework of the “Cancel Culture”: Conceptual Roots and Current Interpretationshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-3908ДунасД. В.DunasD. V.

Денис Владимирович Дунас, кандидат филологических наук

Scopus Author ID 55808129000

WoS Researcher ID F-7768-2013

RSCI Author ID 692702

Москва

Denis V. Dunas, Candidate of Sciences (Philology)

Scopus Author ID 55808129000

WoS Researcher ID F-7768-2013

RSCI Author ID 692702

Moscow

dunas.denis@smi.msu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8991-0486ГурееваА. Н.GureevaA. N.

Анна Николаевна Гуреева, кандидат филологических наук

Scopus Author ID 57222037415

WoS Researcher ID M-9693-2014

RSCI Author ID 622375

Москва

Anna N. Gureeva, Candidate of Sciences (Philology)

Scopus Author ID 57222037415

WoS Researcher ID M-9693-2014

RSCI Author ID 622375 

Moscow

gureevaan@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-0087КирееваП. А.KireevaP. A.

Полина Андреевна Киреева, магистрант факультета журналистики

Москва

Polina A. Kireeva, Master’s Student in Journalism, Department of Journalism

Moscow

polinakireeva_msu@mail.ruМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation2023220820232267081Copyright © Дунас Д.В., Гуреева А.Н., Киреева П.А., 20232023Дунас Д.В., Гуреева А.Н., Киреева П.А.Dunas D.V., Gureeva A.N., Kireeva P.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1591

Рассмотрены теоретические интерпретации актуального медиатизированного феномена социальной жизни – «культуры отмены». В систематический обзор литературы вошли прежде всего англоязычные публикации. Применены методы мониторинга публикаций СМИ по теме. В статье описаны теоретические истоки возникновения «культуры отмены»; предлагаются наиболее устойчивые определения и понятия, рассмотренные  в контексте борьбы за социальную справедливость. Предложен критический взгляд на феномен «культуры отмены»: указано на несоответствие используемых методов пропагандируемым демократическим идеалам, злоупотребления властью медиа, практику самосуда или «цифрового вигилантизма». Очевидно, что «культура отмены» является многогранным и сложным явлением, рассматривать которое следует объемно и глубоко.

The paper examines and systematizes the most common theoretical approaches to the “cancel culture”, a widely spread mediatized phenomenon in contemporary social life. It focuses on analyzing primarily English-language academic discourse, since there are significantly more scholars examining this phenomenon. In addition to the literature review, the study uses monitoring methods of media publications on the related topic, which allows for revealing tendencies and dynamics of public and academic interest in the analyzed phenomenon. The paper describes the theoretical origins of the “cancel culture”, offers the most stable definitions and interpretations of the “cancel culture” today, and considers the concept of “cancel culture” in the context of the struggle for social justice. The theoretical interpretation of the phenomenon also includes a critical perspective: the “cancel culture” is condemned for its incompatibility with the promoted democratic ideals to the methods used by activists, the abuse of media power, etc. The “cancel culture” is criticized for the practice of lynching, or so-called “digital vigilantism”. Obviously, the “cancel culture” is both a positive and a negative phenomenon, which should be viewed in a comprehensive and in-depth way.

«культура отмены»постмодернизмсоциальная справедливостьмедиаэффектыcancel culturepostmodernismsocial justicemedia effectsИсследование выполнено за счет средств гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 22-18-00398)The research is supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 22-18-00398)ReferencesБыков И. А., Ахмедова Ю. Д. Культура отмены в политическом дискурсе современной России // Вестник Кабардино-Балкарского гос. ун-та: Журналистика. Образование. Словесность. 2021. Т. 1, № 1. C. 14–26. DOI 10.24334/KBSU.2021.1.1.002Anderson W. T. The Fontana Postmodernism Reader. London, Fontana Press, 1996, 235 p.Былевский П. Г., Цацкина Е. П. Феноменологический анализ явления «культура отмены» // Вестник Моск. гос. лингв. ун-та. Гуманитарные науки. 2022. Вып. 2 (857). С. 162– 169. DOI 10.52070/2542-2197_2022_2_857_162Anderson-Lopez J., Lambert R. J., Budaj A. Tug of War: Social Media, Cancel Culture, and Diversity for Girls and The 100. KOME, 2021. DOI 10.17646/KOME.75672.59Вартанова Е. Л. К вопросу о субъектности конфликта в медиакоммуникационной среде // Меди@льманах. 2021. № 3 (104). С. 8–19.Barbera P., Jost J. T., Nagler J., Tucker J. A., Bonneau R. Tweeting from left to right: Is online political communication more than an echo chamber? Psychological Science, 2015, no. 26, pp. 1531–1542.Гафарова Ю. Ю. Постколониальный подход в исследованиях медиа и поведения пользователей // Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии. 2019. Т. 22, № 2. C. 210–229.Barnes N. Coming of Age: Towards a Theory of Critical Editorship. In: Barnes N., Bedford A. (eds.). Unlocking Social Theory with Popular Culture. Critical Studies of Education. Springer, Cham., 2021, vol 15. DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-77011-2_16Гуреева А. Н., Кузнецова В. С. Концептуализация феномена медиатизации политики: основные теоретические подходы // Вопросы теории и практики журналистики. 2021. Т. 10, № 1. С. 191–205.Bouvier G. Racist Call-outs and Cancel Culture on Twitter: The Limitations of the Platform’s Ability to Define Issues of Social Justice. Discourse, Context & Media, 2020, vol. 38 (8). DOI 10.1016/j.dcm.2020.100431Деррида Ж. О грамматологии / Пер. с фр. Н. Автономовой. М.: Ad Marginem, 2000. 520 с.Bouvier G., Machin D. What Gets Lost in Twitter ‘Cancel Culture’ Hashtags? Calling out Racists Reveals some Limitations of Social Justice Campaigns. Discourse & Society, 2021, no. 32 (3), pp. 307–327.Лиотар Ж. Ф. Состояние постмодерна. СПб.: Алетейя, 1998. 160 с.Bykov I. A., Akhmedova Yu. D. Kul’tura otmeny v politicheskom diskurse sovremennoi Rossii [Cancel Culture in Political Discourse of Modern Russia]. Vestnik Kabardino-Balkarskogo go- sudarstvennogo universiteta: Zhurnalistika. Obrazovanie. Slovesnost' [Bulletin of KabardinoBalkarian State University: Journalism. Education. Literature], 2021, vol. 1, no 1, pp. 14–26. (in Russ.) DOI 10.24334/KBSU.2021.1.1.002Управляемость и дискурс виртуальных сообществ в условиях политики постправды / Под ред. Д. С. Мартьянова. СПб.: ЭлекСис, 2019. 312 c.Bylevsky P. G., Tsatskina E. P. Fenomenologicheskii analiz yavleniya “kul'tura otmeny” [Phenomenological Analysis of the Phenomenon “Cancel Culture”]. Vestnik of the Moscow State Linguistic University. Humanities. 2022, iss. 2 (857), pp. 162–169. (in Russ.) DOI 10.52070/ 2542-2197_2022_2_857_162Anderson W. T. The Fontana Postmodernism Reader. London, Fontana Press, 1996, 235 p.Chiou R. We Need Deeper Understanding About the Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Moral Righteousness in an Era of Online Vigilantism and Cancel Culture. AJOB Neuroscience, 2020, no. 11 (4), pp. 297–299. DOI 10.1080/21507740.2020.1830872Anderson-Lopez J., Lambert R. J., Budaj A. Tug of War: Social Media, Cancel Culture, and Diversity for Girls and The 100. KOME, 2021. DOI 10.17646/KOME.75672.59Cinelli M., Morales G., Galeazzi A., Quattrociocchi W., Starnini M. The Echo Chamber Effect on Social Media. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), March 2021, no. 118 (9), pp. 1–8.Barbera P., Jost J. T., Nagler J., Tucker J. A., Bonneau R. Tweeting from left to right: Is online political communication more than an echo chamber? Psychological Science, 2015, no. 26, pp. 1531–1542.Clark M. Drag Them: A Brief Etymology of So-Called “Cancel Culture.” Communication and the Public, 2020, no. 5 (3), pp. 88–92.Barnes N. Coming of Age: Towards a Theory of Critical Editorship. In: Barnes N., Bedford A. (eds.). Unlocking Social Theory with Popular Culture. Critical Studies of Education. Springer, Cham., 2021, vol 15. DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-77011-2_16Derrida J. O grammatologii [About Grammatology]. Trans. from French by N. Avtonomova. Moscow, Ad Marginem, 2000, 520 p. (in Russ.)Bouvier G. Racist Call-outs and Cancel Culture on Twitter: The Limitations of the Platform’s Ability to Define Issues of Social Justice. Discourse, Context & Media, 2020, vol. 38 (8). DOI 10.1016/j.dcm.2020.100431Foucault M. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. London, Penguin Books, 1977, 350 p.Bouvier G., Machin D. What Gets Lost in Twitter ‘Cancel Culture’ Hashtags? Calling out Racists Reveals some Limitations of Social Justice Campaigns. Discourse & Society, 2021, no. 32 (3), pp. 307–327.Gabdulhakov R. Citizen-Led Justice in Post-Communist Russia: From Comrades’ Courts to Dotcomrade Vigilantism. Surveillance & Society, 2018, no. 16 (3), pp. 314–331.Chiou R. We Need Deeper Understanding About the Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Moral Righteousness in an Era of Online Vigilantism and Cancel Culture. AJOB Neuroscience, 2020, no. 11 (4), pp. 297–299. DOI 10.1080/21507740.2020.1830872Gafarova Yu. Yu. Postkolonial'nyi podkhod v issledovaniyakh media i povedeniya pol'zovatelei [Postcolonial Approach in Media Studies and User Studies]. Zhurnal sotsiologii i sotsial'noi antropologii [The Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology], 2019, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 210–229. (in Russ.)Cinelli M., Morales G., Galeazzi A., Quattrociocchi W., Starnini M. The Echo Chamber Effect on Social Media. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), March 2021, no. 118 (9), pp. 1–8.Gearhart S., Weiwu Z. “Was It Something I Said?” “No, it was Something You Posted!” A Study of the Spiral of Silence Theory in Social Media Contexts. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 2015, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 28–213.Clark M. Drag Them: A Brief Etymology of So-Called “Cancel Culture.” Communication and the Public, 2020, no. 5 (3), pp. 88–92.Gromping M. ‘Echo Chambers’: Partisan Facebook Groups during the 2014 Thai Election. Asia Pac. Media Educat., 2014, no. 24, pp. 39–59.Foucault M. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. London, Penguin Books, 1977, 350 p.Gureeva A. N., Kuznetsova V. S. Kontseptualizatsiya fenomena mediatizatsii politiki: osnovnye teoreticheskie podkhody [Key Theoretical Approaches to Conceptualizing Mediatization of Politics]. Voprosy teorii i praktiki zhurnalistiki [Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism],. 2021, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 191–205. (in Russ.)Gabdulhakov R. Citizen-Led Justice in Post-Communist Russia: From Comrades’ Courts to Dotcomrade Vigilantism. Surveillance & Society, 2018, no. 16 (3), pp. 314–331.Jandric P., Kuzmanic A. Digital Postcolonialism. IADIS International Journal on WWW/Internet, 2016, no. 13 (2), pp. 34–51.Gearhart S., Weiwu Z. “Was It Something I Said?” “No, it was Something You Posted!” A Study of the Spiral of Silence Theory in Social Media Contexts. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 2015, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 28–213.Lim E. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Facebook: Updating Identity Economics. Society Media and Society, 2020, April – June, pp. 1–8. DOI 10.1177/2056305120910144Gromping M. ‘Echo Chambers’: Partisan Facebook Groups during the 2014 Thai Election. Asia Pac. Media Educat., 2014, no. 24, pp. 39–59.Lyotard J. F. Sostoyanie Postmoderna [Postmodern Stance]. St. Petersburg, Aleteiya, 1998, 160 p. (in Russ.)Jandric P., Kuzmanic A. Digital Postcolonialism. IADIS International Journal on WWW/Internet, 2016, no. 13 (2), pp. 34–51.Martyanov D. S. (ed.). Upravlyaemost' i diskurs virtual'nykh soobshchestv v usloviyakh politiki postpravdy [Manageability and Discourse of Virtual Communities in the Face of Post-Truth Politics]. St. Petersburg, ElekSis, 2019, 312 p. (in Russ.)Lim E. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Facebook: Updating Identity Economics. Society Media and Society, 2020, April – June, pp. 1–8. DOI 10.1177/2056305120910144Mathieson T. The Viewer Society: Michel Foucault’s Panopticon Revisited. Theoretical Crimino- logy: An International Journal, 1997, vol. 1 (2), pp. 215–234.Mathieson T. The Viewer Society: Michel Foucault’s Panopticon Revisited. Theoretical Criminology: An International Journal, 1997, vol. 1 (2), pp. 215–234.Ng E. No Grand Pronouncements Here...: Reflections on Cancel Culture and Digital Media Participation. Television & New Media, 2020, no. 21 (6), pp. 621–627. DOI 10.1177/1527476420918828Ng E. No Grand Pronouncements Here...: Reflections on Cancel Culture and Digital Media Participation. Television & New Media, 2020, no. 21 (6), pp. 621–627. DOI 10.1177/15274764 20918828Ng E. Cancel Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham., 2022, 153 p.Ng E. Cancel Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham., 2022, 153 p.Norris P. Cancel Culture: Myth or Reality? Political Studies, August 2021. DOI 10.1177/0032 3217211037023Norris P. Closed Minds? Is a ‘Cancel Culture’ Stifling Academic Freedom and Intellectual Debate in Political Science? HKS Working Paper, 2020, no. RWP20-025, 15. DOI 10.2139/ssrn.3671026Norris P. Closed Minds? Is a ‘Cancel Culture’ Stifling Academic Freedom and Intellectual Debate in Political Science? HKS Working Paper, 2020, no. RWP20-025, 15. DOI 10.2139/ssrn. 3671026Norris P. Cancel Culture: Myth or Reality? Political Studies, August 2021. DOI 10.1177/00323217211037023Papacharissi Z. Affective publics and structure of storytelling: sentiment, events and mediality. Inform., Commun. Soc., 2015, no. 19 (3), pp. 307–324.Papacharissi Z. Affective publics and structure of storytelling: sentiment, events and mediality. Inform., Commun. Soc., 2015, no. 19 (3), pp. 307–324.Pluckrose H., Lindsay J. Cynical Theories: How Activist Scholarship Made Everything about Race, Gender and Identity. Pitchstone Publ., 2020, 352 p.Pluckrose H., Lindsay J. Cynical Theories: How Activist Scholarship Made Everything about Race, Gender and Identity. Pitchstone Publ., 2020, 352 p.Saint-Louis H. Understanding cancel culture: Normative and unequal sanctioning. First Monday, 2021, no. 26 (7). DOI 10.5210/fm.v26i7.10891Saint-Louis H. Understanding cancel culture: Normative and unequal sanctioning. First Monday, 2021, no. 26 (7). DOI 10.5210/fm.v26i7.10891Saldanha N., Mulye R., Rahman K. Cancel culture and the consumer: A strategic marketing perspective. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 2022. DOI 10.1080/0965254X.2022.2040577Saldanha N., Mulye R., Rahman K. Cancel culture and the consumer: A strategic marketing perspective. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 2022. DOI 10.1080/0965254X.2022.2040577Skoric M., Chua J., Liew M., Wong K., Yeo P. Online Shaming in the Asian Context: Community Empowerment or Civic Vigilantism? Surveillance & Society, 2010, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 181–199. DOI 10.24908/ss.v8i2.3485Skoric M., Chua J., Liew M., Wong K., Yeo P. Online Shaming in the Asian Context: Community Empowerment or Civic Vigilantism? Surveillance & Society, 2010, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 181– 199. DOI 10.24908/ss.v8i2.3485Simons G. Role of social media in amplifying neo-liberal cancel culture. Transatlantic Policy Quarterly, 2021, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 71–79.Simons G. Role of social media in amplifying neo-liberal cancel culture. Transatlantic Policy Quarterly, 2021, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 71–79.Sunstein C. R. The law of group polarization. J. Polit. Philos., 2002, no. 10, pp. 175–195.Sunstein C. R. The law of group polarization. J. Polit. Philos., 2002, no. 10, pp. 175–195.Tandoc E., Ru B., Huei G., Charlyn N., Chua R., Goh Z. #CancelCulture: Examining definitions and motivations. New Media & Society, 2022. DOI 10.1177/14614448221077977Tandoc E., Ru B., Huei G., Charlyn N., Chua R., Goh Z. #CancelCulture: Examining definitions and motivations. New Media & Society, 2022. DOI 10.1177/14614448221077977Trottier D. Digital Vigilantism as Weaponisation of Visibility. Philosophy & Technology, 2016, vol. 30, iss. 1, pp. 55–72. DOI 10.1007/s13347-016-0216-4Trottier D. Digital Vigilantism as Weaponisation of Visibility. Philosophy & Technology, 2016, vol. 30, iss. 1, pp. 55–72. DOI 10.1007/s13347-016-0216-4Tucker B. ‘That’s problematic’: Tracing the birth of call-out culture. Critical Reflections: A Student Journal on Contemporary Sociological Issues. Critical Reflections, 2018. URL: https://ojs.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/index.php/SOC/article/view/4545 (accessed 31.07.2022).Tucker B. ‘That’s problematic’: Tracing the birth of call-out culture. Critical Reflections: A Student Journal on Contemporary Sociological Issues. Critical Reflections, 2018. URL: https://ojs.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/index.php/SOC/article/view/4545 (дата обращения 31.07.2022).Vartanova E. L. K voprosu o sub"ektnosti konflikta v mediakommunikatsionnoi srede [On the Subjectivity of Conflict in the Media Communication Environment]. Medi@l'manakh [Medi@lmanac], 2021, no. 3 (104), pp. 8–19. (in Russ.)Veil S., Waymer D. Crisis Narrative and the Paradox of Erasure: Making Room for Dialectical Tension in a Cancel Culture. Public Relations Review, 2021, no. 47. DOI 10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102046Veil S., Waymer D. Crisis Narrative and the Paradox of Erasure: Making Room for Dialectical Tension in a Cancel Culture. Public Relations Review, 2021, no. 47. DOI 10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102046Velasco J. C. You are Cancelled: Virtual Collective Consciousness and the Emergence of Cancel Culture as Ideological Purging. Rupkatha Journal, 2020, vol. 12, no. 5. DOI 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n5.rioc1s21n2Velasco J. C. You are Cancelled: Virtual Collective Consciousness and the Emergence of Cancel Culture as Ideological Purging. Rupkatha Journal, 2020, vol. 12, no. 5. DOI 10.21659/rupkatha.v12n5.rioc1s21n2

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.