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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nguhist</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-7919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Novosibirsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/1818-7919-2025-24-3-53-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nguhist-2487</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АРХЕОЛОГИЯ ЕВРАЗИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARCHAEOLOGY OF EURASIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Формообразование макро- и микроследов износа на орудиях из различных пород каменного сырья: опыт сравнительного анализа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Formation of Macro- and Micro Use-Wear Traces on Tools from Different Stone Raw Materials: Experiences from a Comparative Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-8037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорченко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorchenko</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Юрьевич ФедорченкоScopus Author ID 57189367702WoS Researcher ID D-5485-2016Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Yu. FedorchenkoScopus Author ID 57189367702WoS Researcher ID D-5485-2016Novosibirsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">winteralex2008@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6616-5754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Владимировна ЛевинаНовосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. LevinaNovosibirsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katlevina2002@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7054-3738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Евгеньевна Белоусова, кандидат исторических наукScopus Author ID 57191634232WoS Researcher ID R-2153-2016Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia E. Belousova, Candidate of Sciences (History)Scopus Author ID 57191634232WoS Researcher ID R-2153-2016Novosibirsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">consacrer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт археологии и этнографии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федорченко А.Ю., Левина Е.В., Белоусова Н.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федорченко А.Ю., Левина Е.В., Белоусова Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorchenko A.Y., Levina E.V., Belousova N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2487">https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2487</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию закономерностей формообразования макро- и микроследов износа на экспериментальных орудиях, изготовленных из высококачественного каменного сырья Алтайского региона. Основой работы послужила сравнительная коллекция трасологических эталонов (n = 109), полученная в рамках программы экспериментального моделирования различных хозяйственных операций: скобления свежих шкур, строгания, пиления и скобления увлажненной кости и дерева с использованием концевых скребков, резцов, ретушированных и неретушированных сколов. Результаты исследования выявили специфику формирования ключевых типов следов износа на эталонных орудиях из тонкозернистых вулканических туфов и яшмоидов, включая заполировки, выкрошенность, пришлифовку и линейные следы. Было установлено, что определяющими факторами следообразования на орудиях из яшмоидов и туфов являлись продолжительность и характер работы, физические свойства сырья, включая зернистость, твердость, вязкость и изотропность, а также особенности материала обработки – влажность, твердость и структура. Последовательный сравнительный анализ аналогичных эталонов из кремня и обсидиана позволил выявить специфику алтайского материала в контексте следообразования на фоне пород, гораздо более изученных с точки зрения археологической трасологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the regularities of the formation of macro and micro use-wear traces on experimental tools made of high-quality stone raw materials from the Altai region.Results. The work is based on a comparative collection of samples (n = 109) obtained within the experimental modelling of different economic operations: scraping of fresh hides, planing, sawing and scraping of moistened bone and fresh wood with end-scrapers, burins, retouched and unretouched flakes and blades. The results of the study revealed the peculiarities of the formation of the main types of use-wear traces on samples from fine-grained volcanic tuffs and jasperoids, including micropolishing, edge damage, grinding and striations. The determinants of trace formation on jasperoid and tuff tools were found to be the duration and type of work, the physical properties of the raw material, including grain size, hardness, toughness and isotropy, and the characteristics of the working material – moisture, hardness and structure.Conclusion. Sequential comparative analysis of similar samples of flint and obsidian allowed the specificity of the Altai material to be revealed in the context of use-wear trace formation against the background of rocks much better studied from the point of view of archaeological traceology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Горный Алтай</kwd><kwd>экспериментальное моделирование</kwd><kwd>трасологический анализ</kwd><kwd>следы износа</kwd><kwd>следообразование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Altai mountain</kwd><kwd>experimental modelling</kwd><kwd>traceological analysis</kwd><kwd>use-wear traces</kwd><kwd>trace formation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта РНФ № 20-78-10125 «Динамика культурного развития и освоение человеком Алтая в начале верхнего палеолита: стратегии жизнеобеспечения, палеотехнологии, мобильность»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 20-78-10125 “The dynamics of cultural development and human colonization of Altai at the onset of the Upper Paleolithic: life support strategies, paleotechnologies, mobility”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусова Н. 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