nguhistВестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филологияVestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology1818-7919Novosibirsk State University10.25205/1818-7919-2025-24-5-159-176nguhist-2599Research ArticleЭТНОГРАФИЯ НАРОДОВ ЕВРАЗИИETHNOGRAPHY OF THE PEOPLES OF EURASIAКипчакский этнический компонент в составе народов АфганистанаThe Kipchak Ethnic Component in the Composition of the Peoples of Afghanistanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4628-622XАбдуманаповР. А.AbdumanapovR. A.

Рустам Абдубаитович Абдуманапов, кандидат исторических наук, доцент

Томск, Астана

WoS Researcher ID P-6810-2016

Rustam A. Abdumanapov, Candidate of Sciences (History), Associate Professor 

Tomsk, Astana

WoS Researcher ID P-6810-2016

manap@mail.ruТомский исследовательский государственный университет; Научный институт изучения «Улуса Джучи»РоссияNational Research Tomsk State University; Research Institute for Jochi Ulus StudiesRussian Federation202506062025245159176Copyright © Абдуманапов Р.А., 20252025Абдуманапов Р.А.Abdumanapov R.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2599

Целью работы является исследование кипчакского этнического элемента в составе народов Афганистана, таких как чахар-аймаки, аймак-и дигар и хазарейцы. В статье рассматриваются различные исторические периоды, начиная с XI в., когда кипчакские племена начали продвигаться на территорию Мавераннахра. Особое внимание уделяется эпохе правления эмира Тимура и его политических преемников, а также времени царствования тимурида Султан-Махмуда и XVI веку, когда северный Афганистан оказался под властью узбекских ханов. В работе анализируется процесс интеграции кипчаков в состав местных народов – чахар-аймаков, аймак-и дигар и хазарейцев. В результате этих событий кипчакский этнический элемент стал неотъемлемой частью кочевых сообществ Афганистана.

Purpose

Purpose. The aim of this study is to identify the Kipchak ethnic component in some of the peoples of Afghanistan – the Chahar Aimaks, Aimak-i Digar and the Hazaras.

Results

Results. Beginning in the 11th century, the Kipchak tribes moved into the territory of Maverannahr and established relations with Khorezmshah state. Marriage ties with the Khorezmshahs led to the Kipchaks becoming their military support, and as a result, becoming active participants in their expansion into Afghanistan. During the reign of Emir Timur and his political heirs, the Kipchak tribes, which were part of three military-tribal associations – the Ilchikdai ulus, the Sary-Buga ulus and its descendants, as well as the military corps of Emir Zu-n-Nun Arghun, moved into Afghanistan. During the reign of the Timurid Sultan Mahmud, the Turkestan Kipchak Khusrau Shah came to power and captured the territories of Northern Afghanistan from the Amu Darya to the Hindu Kush. From the beginning of the 16th century, Northern Afghanistan came under the rule of the Uzbek tribes, among which the Kipchaks were also recorded. As a result of these processes, the Kipchaks gradually became part of the local peoples – the Chahar-Aimaks, Aimak-i Digar and the Hazaras. The Kipchaks are mentioned as a part of the Chahar-Aimaks in the notes of travelers Ferrier, Hanikov, Stewart and others. Sources connect the Kipchaks with the Chahar-Aimak tribes of Taimani, Hazara-Chahar, Jamshidi, and also mention them as a part of the Aimak-i Digar, as well as a part of the Hazara tribe of Khoja. Population genetics data records the relationship between the representatives of the Hazara tribe of Jaguri and the Kipchaks within the Kyrgyz.

Conclusions

Conclusions. Analysis of various sources shows that the Kipchak tribes appeared on the territory of Afghanistan during the reign of the Khorezmshahs. The second wave of the Kipchak tribes moved there during the reign of Emir Timur and his descendants. The Kipchak tribes, as part of the Uzbeks, penetrated into Afghanistan during their expansion led by Sheibani Khan. As a result of these events, the ethnic component of the Kipchaks became part of the nomadic peoples of this country – the Chahar-Aimaks, Aimak-i Digar and the Hazaras.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.