<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nguhist</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-7919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Novosibirsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/1818-7919-2026-25-1-100-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nguhist-3022</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РОССИЙСКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RUSSIAN HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу об организации самоуправления в Чите в 1860–1875 годах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the Issue of Organizing Self-Government in Chita in 1860–1875</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-3072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамкина</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamkina</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Николаевна Мамкина, доктор исторических наук, доцент </p><p>WoS Researcher ID U-4596-2017</p><p>Чита</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna N. Mamkina, Doctor of Sciences (History), Associate Professor </p><p>WoS Researcher ID U-4596-2017</p><p>Chita</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Inna-mamkina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Забайкальский научный центр Института истории, археологии и этнографии; Забайкальский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Transbaikal Scientific Center of the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Transbaikal State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мамкина И.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мамкина И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamkina I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3022">https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3022</self-uri><abstract><p>Первые шаги по развитию самоуправления в Чите связаны с созданием в 1860 г. словесного суда, наделенного хозяйственными полномочиями. Суд осуществлял сбор налогов и податей, вел учет населения, анализировал торгово-промышленное состояние Читы, наблюдал за состоянием речного судоходства. Отмечено, что основ ной проблемой при создании органов самоуправления являлся недостаток жителей, соответствующих требо ваниям, предъявляемым к выборным должностям. Многократное избрание одних и тех же горожан превраща ло общественные обязанности в обременение. Вместе с тем отказ от выполнения общественных обязанностей не повлиял на деятельность словесного суда. Ежегодно объем хозяйственных полномочий возрастал, что по зволяет судить о востребованности и успешной деятельности суда в рамках определенной компетенции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the article explores the history of self-government in Chita from 1860 to 1875, specifically in the period preceding the establishment of the City Duma. The insufficient study of the history of urban self-government in the prerevolutionary period hinders the effective application of historical insights for modern purposes. The purpose of this work is to determine the role and significance of the Chita Verbal Court within the urban governance framework. Grounded in the principles of objectivity and historicism, this research employs a variety of methods, including formal-legal and comparative approaches, to analyze regulatory legal acts. It draws from official documentation housed in the State Archives of the Transbaikal Region, with many documents presented in scholarly discourse for the first time. Although Chita became a regional center, it lacked key city-forming attributes and established municipal institutions. The findings indicate that the Chita Verbal Court, established in 1860, served as an administrative entity for the city. It was tasked with tax collection, assessing the commercial and industrial landscape of Chita, and overseeing river navigation. The article highlights that the merchant bourgeoisie exhibited minimal interest in city administration, often seeking to avoid participation in elections. The obligation of public duties became burdensome due to the re peated elections of the same individuals. Nonetheless, the activities of the Verbal Court were not significantly affected by this reluctance to engage in public responsibilities. Over time, its economic functions expanded, reflecting increasing demand and effectiveness within its scope. The public initiatives of the Verbal Court laid a crucial foundation for the future development of self-government in Chita.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Забайкальская область</kwd><kwd>Чита</kwd><kwd>городское самоуправление</kwd><kwd>общественные должности</kwd><kwd>выборы</kwd><kwd>словесный суд</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Transbaikal region</kwd><kwd>Chita</kwd><kwd>municipal self-government</kwd><kwd>public offices</kwd><kwd>verbal court</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеева О. А. Сибирь в государственно-правовой системе России в XVII – начале XX в. Иркутск: Оттиск, 2007. 342 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asanov R. F., Ivanyutina E. V. Gorodskoe samoupravlenie v Rossii vo vtoroi polovine XIX veka [Municipal Self-government in Russia in the 2nd Half of the 19th Century]. Neftekamsk, BashSU Press, 2007, 107 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Асанов Р. Ф. Иванютина Е. В. Городское самоуправление в России во второй половине XIX века. Нефтекамск: БашГУ, 2007. 107 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avdeeva O. A. Sibir’ v gosudarstvenno-pravovoi sisteme Rossii v XVII – nachale XX v. [Siberia in the State-legal System of Russia in the 17th – Early 20th Century]. Irkutsk, Ottisk Publ., 2007, 342 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дамешек Л. М., Плотникова М. М. Модели городского самоуправления в Восточной Сибири в конце XVIII – первой четверти XIX в. // Вестник Том. гос. ун-та. 2015. № 394. С. 114–120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dameshek L. M., Plotnikova M. M. Modeli gorodskogo samoupravleniya v Vostochnoi Sibiri  v kontse XVIII – pervoi chetverti XIX v. [Local Government Models in Eastern Siberia in Late 18th – Early 19th Century]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Tomsk State University Journal], 2015, no. 394, pp. 114–120. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карапетян Л. А. Временные правила 1870 г. – основа деятельности горских словесных судов Кубанской и Терской областей пореформенной России // Вестник Краснодар. гос. ин-та культуры. 2016. № 2 (6). С. 1–5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filippov M. A. Sudebnaya reforma v Rossii [Judicial Reform in Russia]. St. Petersburg, 1871, vol. 1: Sudoustroistvo [Judicial System], 623 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коновалов И. А., Толочко А. П. Местное управление в городах Сибири по «Учреждению» 1822 г. //Вестник Том. гос. ун-та. История. 2019. № 60. С. 17–21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karapetyan L. A. Vremennye pravila 1870 g. – osnova deyatel’nosti gorskikh slovesnykh sudov Kubanskoi i Terskoi oblastei poreformennoi Rossii [Provisional Rules of 1870 – Framework of the Mountain Verbal Ships of the Kuban and Tersk Regions of Post-reform Russia]. Vestnik Krasnodarskogo gosudarstvennogo instituta kul’tury [Vestnik of Krasnodar State Institute of Culture], 2016, no. 2 (6), pp. 1–5. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кошман Л. В. Город и городская жизнь в России XIX столетия: социальные и культурные аспекты. М.: РОССПЭН, 2008. 446 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konovalov I. A., Tolochko A. P. Mestnoe upravlenie v gorodakh Sibiri po “Uchrezhdeniyu”  1822 g. [Local Governance in the Cities of Siberia According to the “Institution” of 1822].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мерцалов В. И. Город Чита: Возникновение и развитие (1851–1895 гг.) // Вестник ЧитГУ. 2012. № 5. С. 3–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya [Tomsk State University Journal of History], 2019, no. 60, pp. 17–21. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нардова В. А. Городское самоуправление в России во второй половине XIX – начале XX века: власть и общество. СПб.: Лики России, 2014. 564 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koshman L. V. Gorod i gorodskaya zhizn’ v Rossii XIX stoletiya: sotsial’nye i kul’turnye aspekty [City and City Life in Russia in the 19th Century: Social and Cultural Aspects]. Moscow, ROSSPEN Publ., 2008, 446 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насибулин С. А. К истории городского самоуправления в Чите в 1875–1921 гг. // Гуманитарный вектор. 2009. № 3. С. 97–101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mertsalov V. I. Gorod Chita: Vozniknovenie i razvitie (1851–1895 gg.) [The City of Chita: Emergence and Development (1851–1895)]. Vestnik Chitinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of Chita State University], 2012, no. 5, pp. 3–10. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паликова Т. В. Формирование и состав органов общественного управления в городах Забайкалья последней трети XIX – начала ХХ в. // Учен. зап. ЗабГГПУ. 2011. № 2. С. 80–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nardova V. A. Gorodskoe samoupravlenie v Rossii vo vtoroi polovine XIX – nachale XX veka: vlast’ i obshchestvo [Municipal Self-government in Russia in the 2nd Half of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Century: Authority and Society]. St. Petersburg, Liki Rossii, 2014, 564 p.  (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паликова Т. В. Реализация городского законодательства в городах Забайкалья в последней трети XIX в. // Изв. Иркут. гос. ун-та. Серия: История. 2012. № 2 (3), ч. 1. С. 49–53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasibulin S.  A. K istorii gorodskogo samoupravleniya v Chite v 1875–1921 gg. [On the History of Municipal Self-government in Chita in 1875–1921]. Gumanitarnyi vector [Humanitarian Vector], 2009, no. 3, pp. 97–101. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паршина Н. В. История становления словесных судов в России и их законодательное оформление в Кавказском линейном казачьем войске в первой половине XIX в. // Право и государство: теория и практика. 2022. № 9 (213). С. 39–41. DOI 10.47642/1815-1337-2022-9-39</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palikova T. V. Formirovanie i sostav organov obshchestvennogo upravleniya v gorodakh Zabai- kal’ya poslednei treti XIX – nachala XX v. [Formation and Composition of Public Administration Bodies in the Cities of Transbaikalia in the Last Third of the 19th – Early 20th Century]. Uchenye zapiski Zabaikal’skogo gosudarstvennogo gumanitarno-pedagogicheskogo universiteta [Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State Humanitarian-Paedagogical University], 2011, no. 2, pp. 80–84 (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотникова М. М. Городские думы Восточной Сибири в последней четверти XVIII – первой половине XIX в.: практика городского самоуправления и бюджетная политика городов: Дис. … д-ра ист. наук. Иркутск, 2018а. 620 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parshina N. V. Istoriya stanovleniya slovesnykh sudov v Rossii i ikh zakonodatel’noe oformlenie  v Kavkazskom lineinom kazach’em voiske v pervoi polovine XIX v. [The History of the Formation of Verbal Courts in Russia and their Legislative Registration in the Caucasus the Linear Cossack Army in the 1st Half of the 19th Century]. Pravo i gosudarstvo: teoriya i praktika [Law and the State: Theory and Practice], 2022, no. 9 (213), pp. 39–41. (in Russ.) DOI 10.47642/1815-1337-2022-9-39</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотникова М. М. Развитие городского самоуправления в Восточной Сибири в первой половине XIX века // Гуманитарный вектор. 2018б. Т. 13, № 4. С. 84–95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikova M. M. Gorodskie dumy Vostochnoi Sibiri v poslednei chetverti XVIII – pervoi polovine XIX v.: praktika gorodskogo samoupravleniya i byudzhetnaya politika gorodov [Municipal Dumas of Eastern Siberia in the Last Quarter of the 18th – 1st Half of the 19th Century: Practice of Urban Self-government and the Budgetary Policy of Cities]. Diss. of Dr. Hist. Sci.  Irkutsk, 2018, 620 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свиридова Н. Б. Рассуждение гласных городских дум Забайкальской области о введении земства в Сибири // Вестник Бурятского государственного университета. Гуманитарные исследования Внутренней Азии. 2014а. № 2. С. 76–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikova M. M. Razvitie gorodskogo samoupravleniya v Vostochnoi Sibiri v pervoi polovine XIX veka [The Development of Municipal Self-government in Eastern Siberia in the 1st Half of the 19th Century]. Gumanitarnyi vektor [Humanitarian Vector], 2018, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 84–95. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свиридова Н. Б. Формирование органов городского самоуправления в Забайкальской области в последней трети XIX в. // Вестник Бурят. гос. ун-та. 2014б. № 7. С. 144–147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shilovsky M. V. Istoriya obshchestvennogo samoupravleniya v Sibiri vtoroi poloviny XIX – nachala XX v. [The History of Public Self-government in Siberia in the 2nd Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century]. Novosibirsk, Sova Publ., 2006, 352 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свиридова Н. Б. Городское общественное управление в Забайкальской области (историографический обзор) // Вестник Бурят. гос. ун-та. 2015. № 7. С. 246–252. DOI 10.18097/1994-0866-2015-0-7-246-252</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviridova N. B. Formirovanie organov gorodskogo samoupravleniya v Zabaikal’skoi oblasti v poslednei treti XIX v. [Formation of Authorities of Municipal Public Administration in Trans- baikalian Region in the Last Third of the 19th Century]. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [The Buryat State University Bulletin], 2014, no. 7, pp. 144–147. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свиридова Н. Б., Паликова Т. В. Городское общественное управление в Забайкальской области в последней трети XIX – начале XX в. Улан-Удэ: БГУ, 2022. 186 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviridova N. B. Gorodskoe obshchestvennoe upravlenie v Zabajkal’skoi oblasti (istoriograficheskii obzor) [Municipal Public Administration in the Transdaikal Region (Historiography Review)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Толочко А. П., Коновалов И. А., Меренкова Е. Ю., Чудаков О. В. Городское самоуправление в Западной Сибири в дореволюционный период: становление и развитие. Омск: ОмГУ, 2003. 196 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [The Buryat State University Bulletin], 2015, no. 7, pp. 246–252. (in Russ.) DOI 10.18097/1994-0866-2015-0-7-246-252</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Троцин К. Е. История судебных учреждений России. СПб.: Тип. Э. Веймара, 1851. 388 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviridova N. B. Rassuzhdenie glasnykh gorodskikh dum Zabaikal’skoi oblasti o vvedenii zemstva v Sibiri [The Reasoning of the Vowels of the Urban Dumas of the Trans-Baikal Region on the Introduction of Zemstvo in Siberia]. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Gumanitarnye issledovaniya Vnutrennei Azii [BSU Bulletin. Humanitarian Research of Inner Asia], 2014, no. 2, pp. 76–80. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филиппов М. А. Судебная реформа в России. СПб.: [б. и.], 1871. Т. 1: Судоустройство. 623 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviridova N. B., Palikova T. V. Gorodskoe obshchestvennoe upravlenie v Zabaikal’skoi oblasti v poslednei treti XIX – nachale XX v. [Municipal Public Administration in the Transbaikal Region in the Last Third of the 19th – Early 20th Century]. Ulan-Ude, BurSU Press, 2022, 186 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шиловский М. В. История общественного самоуправления в Сибири второй половины XIX – начала ХХ в. Новосибирск: Сова, 2006. 352 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tolochko A. P., Konovalov I. A., Merenkova E. Yu., Chudakov O. V. Gorodskoe samoupravlenie v Zapadnoi Sibiri v dorevolyutsionnyi period: stanovlenie i razvitie [Municipal Selfgovernment in Western Siberia in the Pre-revolutionary Period: Formation and Development]. Omsk, OmSU Press, 2003, 196 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trotsin K. E. Istoriya sudebnykh uchrezhdenii Rossii [History of Judicial Institutions in Russia]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiya E. Veimara, 1851, 388 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trotsin K. E. Istoriya sudebnykh uchrezhdenii Rossii [History of Judicial Institutions in Russia]. St. Petersburg, Tipografiya E. Veimara, 1851, 388 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
