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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nguhist</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-7919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Novosibirsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/1818-7919-2022-21-3-32-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nguhist-975</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АРХЕОЛОГИЯ ЕВРАЗИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARCHAEOLOGY OF EURASIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Палеолитическое местонахождение Три Скалы в Западном Забайкалье как базовый лагерь древних охотниковсобирателей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Paleolithic Site Tri Skaly in Western Transbaikalia as a Hunter-Gatherers’ Base Camp</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-0305</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Евгеньевна Антонова, младший научный сотрудник </p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya E. Antonova, Junior Researcher</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yulya_an@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1891-9915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ташак</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashak</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Иванович Ташак, кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Улан-Удэ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy I. Tashak, Candidate of Sciences (History), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher</p><p>Ulan-Ude</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvi1960@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-7072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клементьев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klementiev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Михайлович Клементьев, кандидат географических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey M. Klementiev, Candidate of Sciences (Geography), Researcher </p><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klem-al@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт археологии и этнографии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт земной коры Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Earth’s Crust of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антонова Ю.Е., Ташак В.И., Клементьев А.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антонова Ю.Е., Ташак В.И., Клементьев А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonova Y.E., Tashak V.I., Klementiev A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/975">https://nguhist.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/975</self-uri><abstract><p>В 2015 г. началось изучение нового многослойного местонахождения в Западном Забайкалье, получившем наименование Три Скалы. На основе анализа каменной индустрии установлена близость Трёх Скал с палеолитическими местонахождениями толбагинской культуры раннего этапа верхнего палеолита, в которой выражено производство орудий на крупных каменных пластинах. Большинство крупных местонахождений этой культуры демонстрирует представительный орудийный набор и разнообразную хозяйственную деятельность на древних поселениях. Поэтапный анализ различных элементов (по мере их выявления и изучения) палеолитических уровней местонахождения Три Скалы приводил к неоднозначным выводам в плане интерпретации функциональной нагрузки древней стоянки: стоянка-мастерская; стоянка как место забоя и первичной разделки животных. Детальный анализ всех составляющих палеолитического местонахождения позволяет сделать вывод о том, что Три Скалы – это базовый лагерь населения, ориентированного на охоту, сопровождаемую разноплановой хозяйственной деятельностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose. In 2015 a new archaeological site Tri Skaly were found in the lower part of the Khilock River basin (Western Transbaikalia). This site is of a large interest in the sense of investigations concerned early stages of the Upper Palaeolithic in Transbaikal, because it is westernmost among similar sites and located in the area where such sites were not known earlier. The purpose of this investigation is defining the functional purpose of the ancient settlement. Discrete approach to the data analysis lead to the controversial conclusions. The article presents the results of the complex approach to the investigations of palaeolithic cultural horizons at Tri Skaly archaeological site.Results. In the Tri Skaly collection the most representative and various part of the archaeological finds consists of the stone artifacts typical for the early Upper Paleolithic period. On the basis of the stone industry consideration the affinity with the Tolbaga culture’s Paleolithic sites is proposed; it is reflected in the production of tools on the large blades. The well-investigated sites of this culture show the representative toolkit and the multi-way economic activity at the ancient settlement. The obvious predominance of primary knapping products over retouched items suggests the use of the area as a workshop, or camp workshop if we take into consideration the presence of some structural elements of the cultural horizon. Paleontological materials demonstrate the overwhelming majority of the Equus Ferus bones, the distal ends of the legs. This fact leads to the conclusion that this area was used as the kill and butchering site. At the same time, we have evidence that allows us to interpret bones as possible kitchen debris, not only wastes from butchering. In addition, a toolkit includes various types of tools related to different activities.Conclusion. The detailed analysis and synthesis of all available components from the Paleolithic site Tri Skaly (stone industry, palaeontological finds) evidence about multi-way economic activity here in Upper Palaeolithic. Based on this we conclude Tri Skaly site is a periodically used base hunting camp with a full cycle of stone processing and tool production and evidences of non-utilitarian activity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ранний верхний палеолит</kwd><kwd>Западное Забайкалье</kwd><kwd>каменная индустрия</kwd><kwd>остеология</kwd><kwd>функция местонахождения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>early Upper Paleolithic</kwd><kwd>Western Transbaikal</kwd><kwd>stone industry</kwd><kwd>osteology</kwd><kwd>functional use of a site</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 19-18-00198 «Формирование культуры начального этапа верхнего палеолита восточной части Центральной Азии и Южной Сибири: полицентризм или перенос культурных традиций вдоль северного пути распространения Homo sapiens в Азии»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 19-18-00198 “The formation of Initial Upper Paleolithic culture in eastern Central Asia and South Siberia: polycentrism or transfer of cultural traditions along the northern route of Homo sapiens dispersal in Asia”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антонова Ю. 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