“Night Witch”, Warrior Maiden, Soviet Woman: The Image of a Military Pilot in the Literature of Socialist Realism (M. Chechneva My Fighting Friends)
https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-2-106-114
Abstract
Purpose. The article analyses the image of a military pilot in Soviet memoir literature. A lot of research works were devoted to the study of Soviet literature and its figurative system, but no special works have been found that focus on this character. The research material is a book of essays by M. Chechneva My Battle Friends (1968). The author used the method of mythopoetic analysis, as well as a structural-typological approach.
Results. The work substantiates a typological similarity between a pilot and a warrior maiden at the characterological, gender, mythopoetic, allusive, and nominative levels. The study revealed significant elements of the image of a military pilot and associated motives – revenge, delayed marriage. These motifs refer to the inherent gender inversion in such plots, highlight the masculinity of the heroines, a characteristic of the type of female warrior. The image under the study is intertextually connected with Russian epic heroines, which allows us to talk about the traditional nature of the type itself. The semantics of the nomination “night witches” is also analyzed, which paradoxically takes on positive connotations. In addition, specific socialist realist layers were found in the model under consideration – the heroines are characterized by such qualities as discipline, rigor, and calmness.
Conclusion. The image of a military pilot fits into the paradigm of the warrior maiden type, but has some peculiarities. This is due to the artistic method within which the author of the essays worked, as well as to the time of writing the works.
About the Author
T. A. ZagidulinaRussian Federation
Tatyana A. Zagidulina, Candidate of Sciences (Philology)
RSCI Author ID 924351
Krasnoyarsk ; St. Petersburg
References
1. Balina M. R. Kakoi-to “neproyavlennyi zhanr”: memuary v literature sotsrealizma [Some Kind of “Unmanifested Genre”: Memoirs in the Literature of Socialist Realism]. In: Sovetskoe bogatstvo. Stat’i o kulture, literature i kino [Soviet wealth. Articles about culture, literature and cinema]. St. Petersburg, Akademicheskii proekt Publ., 2002, pp. 241–259. (in Russ.)
2. Bobrov N. N. Docheri Rodiny [Daughters of the Motherland]. Stalinskii sokol [Stalin’s Falcon], 1945, no. 20 (318), p. 4. (in Russ.)
3. Chechneva M. P. Boevye podrugi moi [My fighting friends]. Moscow, DOSAAF Publ., 1975, 471 p. (in Russ.) URL: http://militera.lib.ru/bio/chechneva_mp/index.html (accessed: 08.09.2023).
4. Dobrenko E. A. Metafora vlasti. Literatura stalinskoi epokhi v istoricheskom osveshchenii [Metaphor of power. Literature of the Stalin Era in Historical Coverage]. München, Sagner Publ., 1993, 405 p. (in Russ.)
5. Dobrenko E. A. Politekonomiya sotsrealizma [Political Economy of Socialist Realism]. Moscow, Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie Publ., 2007, 592 p. (in Russ.)
6. Dunay i Dobrynya svatayut nevestu knyazyu Vladimiru [Danube and Dobrynya Woo a Bride to Prince Vladimir]. In: Byliny [Epics]. Moscow, Sov. Rossiya Publ., 1988, pp. 76–86. (in Russ.)
7. Groys B. E. Utopiya i obmen. Stil Stalin. O novom [Utopia and Exchange. Stalin Style. On the New]. Moscow, Znak Publ., 1993, 250 p. (in Russ.)
8. Gyunter X., Dobrenko E. (eds.). Sotsrealisticheskii kanon [Socialist Canon]. Collection of Articles. St. Petersburg, Akademicheskii proekt Publ., 2000, 1040 p. (in Russ.)
9. Kalkaeva A. E. Ved’my v skazochnykh syuzhetakh sbornika brat’ev Grimm “Kinder- und Hausmärchen”: atributy i funktsii [Witches in Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm Collection “Kinder- und Hausmärchen”: Attributes and Functions]. Herald of Culturology, 2021, no. 2 (97), pp. 32–51. (in Russ.) DOI 10.31249/hoc/2021.02.02
10. Klark K. Polozhitelnyi geroi kak verbalnaya ikona [A Positive Hero as a Verbal Icon]. In: Gyunter X., Dobrenko E. (eds.). Sotsrealisticheskii kanon [Socialist Canon]. Collection of Articles. St. Petersburg, Akademicheskii proekt Publ., 2000, pp. 569–584. (in Russ.)
11. Kovtun N. V. Utopiya sotsrealizma i gnostitsizm. K postanovke problem [Utopia of Socialist Realism and Gnosticism. On the Formulation of the Problem]. In: Evropeiskie issledovaniya v Sibiri: Materialy Vserossiiskoi nauch. konf. “Mir i obshchestvo v situatsii frontira: problemy identichnosti” [European studies in Siberia: Materials of the All-Russian Scientific. Conf. “Peace and Society in a Frontier Situation: Problems of Identity”], 2004, iss. 4. pp. 247–265. (in Russ.)
12. Kovtun N. V. Zhenshchiny revolyutsii: ot Dashi Chumalovoi k “komissarsham” Valentina Rasputina [Women of the Revolution: from Dasha Chumalova to the “Commissars” of Valentin Rasputin]. In: Russkaya kul'tura pod znakom Revolyutsii. Dal'nii Vostok, blizkaya Rossiya [Russian Culture Under the Sign of the Revolution. Far East, Close Russia]. Belgrad, Seul, Saitama Publ., 2018, iss. 2, pp. 32–49. (in Russ.)
13. Kruglova T. A. Sovetskaya khudozhestvennost', ili Neskromnoye obayaniye sotsrealizma [Soviet Artistry, or the Immodest Charm of Socialist Realism]. Ekaterinburg, Ekaterinburg State Uni. Press, 2005, 384 p. (in Russ.)
14. Kulyapin A. I. Odna: sovetskaya zhenshchina v literature i kul'ture tridtsatykh godov [The Lone: Soviet Woman in the Literature and Culture of the Thirties]. Filologiya i chelovek [Philology and Man], 2011, no. 4, pp. 158–164. (in Russ.)
15. Navolotskaya D. I. Vospriyatie obraza stakhanovki: fanatskie pis'ma Duse Vinogradovoi (1935–1936 gody) [Perception of the Stakhanovite Image: Fan Letters to Dusya Vinogradova (1935–1936)]. Herald of Perm University. History, 2021, no. 52 (2), pp. 160–172. (in Russ.) DOI 10.17072/2219-3111-2021-2-160-172
16. Nefedov I. V., Makarova I. V. Invektivnaya funktsiya russkoi mifoleksemy “ved’ma” (na materiale folklornykh i leksikograficheskikh istochnikov) [Invective Function of the Russian Mytholexeme “Witch” (Based On Folklore and Lexicographic Sources)]. Yazyk i pravo: aktual’nye problemy vzaimodeistviya. Materialy VII Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii [Language and Law: Current Problems of Interaction. Materials of the VII AllRussian Scientific and Practical Conference]. Rostov on Don, 2017, pp. 54–60. (in Russ.)
17. Novikov M. V., Perfilova T. B. Maskulinnost' i zhenstvennost’ geroev narodnogo eposa v traktovke F. I. Buslaeva [Masculinity and Femininity of the Heroes of the Folk Epic in the Interpretation of F. I. Buslaev]. Herald of Kostroma State University, 2019, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 102–107. (in Russ.) DOI 10.34216/1998-0817-2019-25-2-102-107
18. Papernyy V. Z. Kultura Dva [Culture Two]. Moscow, Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie Publ., 2011, 408 p. (in Russ.)
19. Selezneva V. V. Arkhetip ved’my v strukture zhenskikh obrazov romana M. A. Bulgakova “Master i Margarita” [The Archetype of a Witch in the Structure of Female Images of the Novel by M. A. Bulgakov The Master and Margarita]. Strizh: Studencheskii elektronnyi zhurnal [Swift: Student electronic magazine], 2017, no. 1 (12), pp. 52–56. (in Russ.)
20. Shverkhoff G. Ot povsednevnykh podozrenii k massovym goneniyam. Noveishie germanskie issledovaniya po istorii vedovstva v nachale Novogo vremeni [From Everyday Suspicions to Mass Persecution. The Latest German Research on the History of Witchcraft at the Beginning of the New Age]. In: Odissei. Chelovek v istorii. Remeslo istorika na iskhode XX veka [Odyssey. A Man in the History. The Craft of a Historian at the End of the 20th Century]. Moscow, Coda Publ., 1996, pp. 306–330. (in Russ.)
21. Skubach O. A. Not Female Arctic: The Plot of the Polar Heroine in Soviet Culture of the 1920–1930s. Critique and Semiotics, 2020, no. 1, pp. 338–350. (in Russ.) DOI 10.25205/2307-1737-2020-1-338-350
22. Yakusheva G. V. Memuary [Memoirs]. In: Literaturnaya entsiklopediya terminov i ponyatii [Literary Encyclopedia of Terms and Concepts]. Moscow, Intelvak Publ., 2001, pp. 524–525.(in Russ.)
23. Zagidulina T. A. Ni vvys’, ni svyshe: aviatsionnyi diskurs v russkoi literature 20–30-kh godov XX veka [Neither Up nor Over: Aviation Discourse in Russian Literature of the 20–30s of the 20th Century]. Krasnoyarsk, KSPU Uni. Press, 2019, 208 p. (in Russ.)
24. Zhenit'ba Dobryni [Marriage of Dobrynya]. In: Byliny. Moscow, Sov. Rossiya Publ., 1988, pp. 64–67. (in Russ.)
25. Zuseva-Ozkan V. B. Deva-voitel’nitsa v literature russkogo modernizma: obraz, motivy, syuzhety [The Warrior Maiden in the Literature of Russian Modernism: Image, Motives, Plots]. Moscow, Indrik Publ., 2021, 712 p. (in Russ.)
Review
For citations:
Zagidulina T.A. “Night Witch”, Warrior Maiden, Soviet Woman: The Image of a Military Pilot in the Literature of Socialist Realism (M. Chechneva My Fighting Friends). Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology. 2024;23(2):106-114. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-2-106-114