Expanded Component Structure as Manifestation of Constructive Alternativeness of Phraseological Units (on Example of Pechora and All-Russian Expressions)

Abstract

In the following article, various manifestations of constructive alternativeness of the all-Russian and dialect phraseological units are considered. The main attention is paid to the Pechora turns (that is to set expressions, which are used in dialects of Local Pechora - the speech of radical Russian residents of the settlements located down the river to Pechora and its inflows to Pizhma, Tsilma and Neritsa) having expanded component structure with functionally various components distributors. As a rule, it is lexemes definitions (adjectives, participles, ordinal numerals, possessive pronouns), but also the components performing adverbial or object and additional functions meet. The structure of the Pechora phraseological units sometimes extends also at the expense of verbal components which, however, can represent an obligatory verbal environment, but phraseological unit not to be included. Reduction or increase in quantity of components of a phraseological unit differently influences his internal form and an idiomaticity: increases opacity of a phraseological unit at reduction of component structure and leads to clearing of an internal form at his expansion, and sometimes serves as attempt of national and etymological decoding of an image. The semantic redundancy, a pleonasm inherent in some turns with components distributors. In some cases the specifying component can provoke semantic shifts of phraseological units or promote representation of other mental installations. The practical value of comparison of dialect and all-Russian constructive options (except conclusions about structural-semantic and figurative and pragmatical properties of phraseological units) consists in a possibility of specification of historical and etymological versions and clearings of a phraseological image.